Founder Charles Trumbull Hayden envisioned the agricultural potential of land south of the Salt River; in 1870 he helped divert water to the fields and his vision became reality. On the south banks of the river, the pioneer wagon freighter also started a water-powered flour mill, a general merchandise store, blacksmith and carpenter's shops, and the first ferry service across the river. In establishing these businesses, Hayden set an example of economic diversity that has been intentionally followed by the city in more recent times.
After World War II, the population had grown to over 13,000, by 1975 Tempe had annexed another 30 acres to make room for its 93,800 people, new shopping centers, and industries. Today, Tempe has more than 150,000 people, a land area of 38.4 square miles and a university with an on campus enrollment of more than 50,000 students and the city's largest payroll.
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